security: restrict pickle deserialization in v0 schema and migration tool

src/google/adk/sessions/migration/migrate_from_sqlalchemy_pickle.py

@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
 from google.adk.sessions import _session_util
 from google.adk.sessions.migration import _schema_check_utils
 from google.adk.sessions.schemas import v1
+from google.adk.sessions.schemas._safe_unpickle import safe_loads as _safe_pickle_loads
 from google.genai import types
 import sqlalchemy
 from sqlalchemy import create_engine
@@ -59,7 +60,7 @@ def _row_to_event(row: dict) -> Event:
   if actions_val is not None:
     try:
       if isinstance(actions_val, bytes):
-        actions = pickle.loads(actions_val)
+        actions = _safe_pickle_loads(actions_val)
       else:  # for spanner - it might return object directly
         actions = actions_val
     except Exception as e:

src/google/adk/sessions/schemas/_safe_unpickle.py

@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+# Copyright 2026 Google LLC
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+"""Restricted unpickler for safe deserialization of v0 EventActions data.
+
+The v0 schema stored EventActions as pickle blobs. This module provides a
+safe deserialization path that only allows known ADK and standard types,
+blocking arbitrary code execution via crafted pickle payloads.
+
+See: https://docs.python.org/3/library/pickle.html#restricting-globals
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import io
+import logging
+import os
+import pickle
+from typing import Any
+
+logger = logging.getLogger("google_adk." + __name__)
+
+_ALLOWED_MODULE_PREFIXES: tuple[str, ...] = (
+    "google.adk.",
+    "google.genai.",
+    "pydantic.",
+    "pydantic_core.",
+)
+
+_ALLOWED_GLOBALS: dict[str, set[str]] = {
+    "builtins": {
+        "dict",
+        "list",
+        "set",
+        "tuple",
+        "frozenset",
+        "bytes",
+        "bytearray",
+        "True",
+        "False",
+        "None",
+        "type",
+        "object",
+        "complex",
+        "slice",
+        "range",
+        "int",
+        "float",
+        "str",
+        "bool",
+    },
+    "collections": {"OrderedDict", "defaultdict"},
+    "datetime": {"datetime", "date", "time", "timedelta", "timezone"},
+    "copy_reg": {"_reconstructor"},
+    "copyreg": {"_reconstructor", "__newobj__"},
+    "_codecs": {"encode"},
+    "enum": {"__new__", "Enum", "IntEnum", "StrEnum"},
+}
+
+
+class _RestrictedUnpickler(pickle.Unpickler):
+  """Unpickler that only allows reconstruction of known-safe types."""
+
+  def find_class(self, module: str, name: str) -> Any:
+    for prefix in _ALLOWED_MODULE_PREFIXES:
+      if module.startswith(prefix):
+        return super().find_class(module, name)
+    allowed_names = _ALLOWED_GLOBALS.get(module)
+    if allowed_names and name in allowed_names:
+      return super().find_class(module, name)
+    raise pickle.UnpicklingError(
+        f"Blocked unsafe pickle global: {module}.{name}. "
+        "If this is a legitimate ADK type, please file an issue at "
+        "https://github.com/google/adk-python/issues"
+    )
+
+
+def safe_loads(data: bytes) -> Any:
+  """Deserialize pickle bytes using a restricted unpickler.
+
+  If ADK_ALLOW_UNSAFE_V0_PICKLE=1 is set, falls back to unrestricted
+  pickle.loads() for compatibility. A deprecation warning is logged.
+  """
+  if os.environ.get("ADK_ALLOW_UNSAFE_V0_PICKLE") == "1":
+    logger.warning(
+        "ADK_ALLOW_UNSAFE_V0_PICKLE is set - using unrestricted "
+        "pickle.loads(). This is unsafe and will be removed in a "
+        "future release. Migrate to the v1 JSON schema."
+    )
+    return pickle.loads(data)  # noqa: S301
+  return _RestrictedUnpickler(io.BytesIO(data)).load()

src/google/adk/sessions/schemas/v0.py

@@ -57,6 +57,7 @@
 from ...events.event import Event
 from ...events.event_actions import EventActions
 from ..session import Session
+from ._safe_unpickle import safe_loads as _safe_pickle_loads
 from .shared import DEFAULT_MAX_KEY_LENGTH
 from .shared import DEFAULT_MAX_VARCHAR_LENGTH
 from .shared import DynamicJSON
@@ -114,7 +115,7 @@ def process_result_value(self, value, dialect):
     """Ensures the raw bytes from the database are unpickled back into a Python object."""
     if value is not None:
       if dialect.name in ("spanner+spanner", "mysql"):
-        return pickle.loads(value)
+        return _safe_pickle_loads(value)
     return value